Safety Warning
DIY auto repair can cause serious injury, fire, or vehicle damage. These guides are for informational purposes only. Always follow OEM torque specs, wear PPE, and consult a certified mechanic if you are unsure. You are solely responsible for your safety.
Diagnostic Procedures
- Did you perform the Diagnostic System Check-Engine Controls? If yes, go to next step. If no, see DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM CHECK - ENGINE CONTROLS under SELF-DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM.
- Idle the engine at the normal operating temperature. Scan the injection timing at the idle and at 1,500 RPM. Does the scan tool display a difference that is more than or equal to 5° between the Actual Inj. Time and the Desired Inj. Time at idle or at 1,500 RPM? If yes, go to step 4 . If no, go to next step.
- The DTC is intermittent. Are any additional DTCs stored? If yes, see DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE DEFINITIONS . If no, see DIAGNOSTIC AIDS .
- Turn OFF the ignition. Disconnect the PCM. Measure the resistance between coil 1 low and coil 1 high at the PCM harness. Is the resistance 10-60 ohms? If yes, go to next step. If no, go to step 9 .
- Measure the resistance between coil 2 low and coil 2 high at the PCM harness. Is the resistance 10-60 ohms? If yes, go to next step. If no, go to step 10 .
- Reconnect the PCM. Disconnect the injection timing stepper motor. Start the engine. Allow the engine to idle at the normal operating temperature. Use the scan tool in order to command ON the Time Set. With a Digital Multimeter (DMM) connected to ground, check for a varying voltage on all of the terminals at the injection timing stepper motor electrical harness. Does the voltage vary on all of the circuits? If yes, go to next step. If no, go to step 12 .
- Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor. Measure, at sensor pigtail, the resistance between the Crankshaft Position (CKP) sensor signal and the 5-volt reference circuit. Is the resistance 950-1050 ohms? If yes, go to next step. If no, go to step 13 .
- Reconnect all of the sensors. Check for one of the following conditions:
- Incorrectly set injection timing. See INJECTION PUMP TIMING/TDC OFFSET in appropriate ON-VEHICLE ADJUSTMENTS article.
- A sheared camshaft driven key. See appropriate article in ENGINES.
If you find a condition, repair the condition as necessary. Did you complete the repair? If yes, go to step 17 . If no, go to step 15 .
- Turn OFF the ignition. Disconnect the stepper motor. Check for an open or a short to ground in one of the following:
- The coil 1 low circuit.
- The coil 1 high circuit.
If you find a condition, repair the condition as necessary. Did you find and correct the condition? If yes, go to step 17 . If no, go to step 11 .
- Turn OFF the ignition. Disconnect the stepper motor. Check for an open or a short to ground in one of the following:
- The coil 2 low circuit
- The coil 2 high circuit
If you find a condition, repair the condition as necessary. Did you find and correct the condition? If yes, go to step 17 . If no, go to next step.
- Check for a faulty electrical connection at the injection timing stepper motor. Did any terminals require replacement? If yes, go to step 17 . If no, go to step 15 .
- Check the non-varying circuit for a short to ground, a short to voltage, or a faulty connection at the PCM. Did you find and correct the condition? If yes, go to step 17 . If no, go to step 16 .
- Check the crankshaft sensor pigtail for a short to ground. If the circuit is shorted to ground, repair the circuit as necessary. Did you find and correct the condition? If yes, go to step 17 . If no, go to next step.
- Replace the crankshaft position sensor. See appropriate REMOVAL, OVERHAUL & INSTALLATION article. After repairs, go to step 17 .
- Replace the fuel injection pump. After repairs, go to step 17 .
- Replace the PCM. See appropriate REMOVAL, OVERHAUL & INSTALLATION article. Reprogram PCM. See POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE under PROGRAMMING. After repairs, go to next step.
- Using the scan tool, clear the DTCs. Start engine and idle the engine at the normal operating temperature. Select DTC and the Specific DTC function. Enter the DTC number that was set. Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Setting DTC until the scan tool indicates the diagnostic ran. Does the scan tool indicate the diagnostic passed? If yes, go to next step. If no, go to step 2 .
- Observe the stored information, Capture Info with a scan tool. Does the scan tool display any DTCs that you have not diagnosed? If yes, see DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE DEFINITIONS . If no, system is okay.
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When to See a Mechanic
Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:
- • You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.
- • Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.
- • The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.
- • You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.
- • You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.