Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil)

When the ignition is switched on, the Engine Control Module (ECM) performs checks on static system integrity (e.g. circuit integrity, communications, etc). The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) is switched on during this process via the Instrument Cluster. After engine starts, the ECM examines engine operation for potential malfunction(s) or failure(s) that can lead to increased emission values. If no malfunction is detected, the ECM switches off the MIL via the Instrument Cluster.

In the event of a malfunction during the operation of the engine, the ECM will activate the MIL via the instrument cluster and at the same time, a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) is stored in the ECM memory. In OBD systems, the MIL can have up to three stages: steady, flashing and Stop Vehicle. A steady MIL indicates a minor fault (e.g. a failing oxygen sensor) whereas a flashing MIL indicates a more severe malfunction that could result in damage of engine or exhaust system components (e.g. the catalytic converter) if left uncorrected for an extended period. This would also indicate a severe fault. The three stages are 1. ON, then OFF; 2. ON steady; 3. flashing constantly. The 3rd stage indicates damage may occur and driver must stop.